{"schema":"asylumcompass-guide-response-1","ok":true,"publication":{"schema":"asylumcompass-guide-publication-1","resourceId":"guide:understand","guide":"understand","locale":"zh-CN","title":"庇护通知与移民法院指引","summary":"从收到的文件或需要核实的问题开始。","canonicalUrl":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/understand","representationUrl":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/understand.json","scope":{"kind":"conditional_editorial_guide","parameters":[],"explanation":"本指南保留页面说明及有条件的下一步操作，不携带当前筛选、个人案件信息或服务机构名录导出。"},"sections":[{"id":"documents","title":"我收到了一份文件","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["选择文件上印的标题，了解一般含义、应查看的细节和官方核实入口。"],"items":[],"links":[]},{"id":"document-nta","title":"出庭通知书（I-862 表，NTA）","when":"请选择文件上印刷的标题。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["国土安全部（DHS）用 NTA 列出遣返程序中的事实主张和法律指控。这份文件用于启动程序，并不表示其中每项主张已被认定属实，也不是最终遣返令。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"出庭通知书（I-862 表，NTA）","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/nta"}]},{"id":"document-hearing-notice","title":"开庭通知（Notice of Hearing）","when":"请选择文件上印刷的标题。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["开庭通知告知你移民法院安排的出庭事项，可以确定或更改日期、地点、时间或开庭方式。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"开庭通知（Notice of Hearing）","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/hearing-notice"}]},{"id":"document-ij-order","title":"移民法官命令或决定","when":"请选择文件上印刷的标题。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["命令记录法官的决定或指示，可能涉及整个案件、某项申请、排期或程序请求。仅看标题未必能知道完整结果。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"移民法官命令或决定","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/ij-order"}]},{"id":"document-bia-decision","title":"BIA 上诉委员会决定","when":"请选择文件上印刷的标题。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["移民上诉委员会（BIA）可以裁定上诉或动议。决定针对该项事项，不一定解决一个人移民经历中的所有问题。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"BIA 上诉委员会决定","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/bia-decision"}]},{"id":"document-address-form","title":"EOIR-33 地址或联系方式变更表","when":"请选择文件上印刷的标题。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["EOIR-33/IC 用于更新移民法院的联系方式；EOIR-33/BIA 用于上诉委员会。这份表格不是把程序转到另一法院的申请。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"EOIR-33 地址或联系方式变更表","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/address-form"}]},{"id":"other-letter","title":"收到其他信件？","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["找到签发机构、表格编号、主题、签发日期及要求的行动。EOIR 法院信件、USCIS 回执和 ICE 预约通知使用不同系统。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"来信不清楚时核实什么","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#letter"}]},{"id":"problems","title":"有件事似乎不对","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["选择你遇到的问题，查看要核对的内容、应收集的记录和对应的官方来源。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"我没有收到通知","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#no-notice"},{"label":"我错过了开庭","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#missed-hearing"},{"label":"我搬家了","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#moved"},{"label":"我的律师没有回复","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#lawyer-not-responding"},{"label":"我收到 NTA","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#received-nta"},{"label":"案件状态似乎不对","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#status-wrong"},{"label":"我的庇护工卡计时似乎不对","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#clock-wrong"},{"label":"我看不懂这封信","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#letter"},{"label":"我不知道哪所法院负责案件","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#which-court"}]},{"id":"process","title":"移民法院程序的一般路径","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["以下为常见阶段；具体案件的实际路径由其通知和命令确定。"],"items":[],"links":[]},{"id":"process-1","title":"1. 起诉文件与法院记录","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["DHS 送达起诉文件并提交移民法院。NTA 说明事实主张和法律指控；开庭信息也可能另发通知。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"看懂 NTA","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/nta"},{"label":"EOIR：遣返程序如何开始","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/policy-manual-eoir/part-II/icpm/chapter-3-2"}]},{"id":"process-2","title":"2. 初步排期庭","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["通常处理初步事项、争议问题、排期和提交期限，区别于之后审理争议证据的庭审。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"EOIR：初步排期庭与通知","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/policy-manual-eoir/part-II/icpm/chapter-3-14"}]},{"id":"process-3","title":"3. 个人审理庭","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["法院审理争议事项和证据。阅读法官的排期指示，并保存通知和提交记录。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"EOIR 个人审理庭说明","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/policy-manual-eoir/part-II/icpm/chapter-3-15"}]},{"id":"process-4","title":"4. 命令与可能的后续程序","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["决定可能处理某项申请，也可能要求继续程序。上诉、动议、发回和更改审理地点会产生后续阶段，但它们含义不同。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"看懂法官命令","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/documents/ij-order"},{"label":"BIA 历史处理结果","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/bia"},{"label":"错过开庭后的程序","url":"https://asylumcompass.com/zh/something-went-wrong#missed-hearing"}]},{"id":"official","title":"官方信息","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["直接前往负责法院、表格、案件信息或庇护计时问题的官方系统。"],"items":[],"links":[]},{"id":"official-1","title":"法院案件信息","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["EOIR 提供网上自动查询及电话 1-800-898-7180、304-625-2050。使用官方系统时准备自己的案件标识；AsylumCompass 不收集这些信息。法院文件是正式来源，部分案件的自动查询信息有限。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"EOIR 案件信息与官方核实","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/eoir-case-information"},{"label":"Respondent Access：案卷与访问问题","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/respondent-access-portal-frequently-asked-questions"},{"label":"EOIR 联系方式","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/contact-eoir"}]},{"id":"official-2","title":"法院地点与运行状态","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["通过 EOIR 目录核实法院名称、地址、联系方式和运行状态。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"EOIR 法院目录与联系方式","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/immigration-court-operational-status"}]},{"id":"official-3","title":"联系方式变更与官方表格","when":"仅在符合本人情况时适用；采取行动前请阅读整节内容。","urgency":"follow_notice","urgencyExplanation":"请遵循适用通知及官方指引。","paragraphs":["使用处理事项的法院或上诉委员会对应表格，遵照提交和送达说明。"],"items":[],"links":[{"label":"EOIR 地址与联系方式要求","url":"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/update-respondent-or-alien-information"},{"label":"EOIR Respondent Access 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